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San Antonio Area Freeway System
Interstate (Loop) 410
(John B. Connally Loop)

This page last updated February 4, 2024

Loop 410 highlight map
Loop 410 highlight map

This page covers Interstate 410 (Loop 410) around the city except for the section between the Fratt Interchange (Loop 410 North) and the Loop 410 South Cutoff on the Northeast Side. That section is concurrent with I‑35 and, because the I‑35 mile markers and exit numbers are used along that stretch, information for that segment can be found on the I‑35 North page. Technically, that section is not even officially part of Loop 410 per TxDOT's highway designation files. However, it is signed as both I‑35 and I‑410 for continuity purposes.

Length: 49 miles (53 miles including the concurrent section on I‑35)



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On this page:

Overview Roadway
details
Lanes Access
roads
       
Exits Speed
limits
Special features
and notes
Traffic
       
Media
gallery
Construction
projects
Future
plans
History
       

Overview

Interstate 410, known locally as "Loop 410" or, by old-timers, just "The Loop", is really a tale of two freeways. The southern half (south of US 90) generally demarcates the edge of the city and resembles and functions more like a semi-rural or urban fringe Interstate than an urban freeway. Meanwhile, the northern arc is the busiest stretch of freeway in Texas outside of Houston — making it one of the 25 or so busiest in the nation — and is home to a substantial share of the region's suburban office space and several major shopping centers.

Loop 410 provides access to San Antonio International Airport, the South Texas Medical Center, the Southwest Research Institute and Texas Biomedical Research Institute, the Westover Hills area and Sea World of Texas, the National Security Agency campus, Joint Base San Antonio Ft. Sam Houston and Lackland, Traders Village, the Brooks re-development (formerly Brooks City-Base), Stinson Municipal Airport, the San Antonio Missions Trail National Park, Palo Alto College, Texas A&M University - San Antonio, the Toyota and Navistar plants and adjacent facilities, and the cities of Castle Hills, Balcones Heights, Leon Valley, Kirby, and Windcrest.

Land along the northern arc is heavily developed. Office towers, shopping malls, hotels, and other commercial developments dominate the landscape, interspersed with dense mid-20th century residential areas. South of US 90, development is much more dispersed with large tracts of vacant land, although this area has been seeing new residential, commercial, and industrial growth in recent years, most notably a growing logistics and industrial area at I‑35 South. Development along the southern arc is a mixture of light residential, commercial, industrial, and public uses.

In 2010, TxDOT completed a major decade-long program to expand Loop 410 to ten lanes across most of the northern arc.

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Loop 410 intersects with I‑35 North at two places: north of Walzem Rd. at the Fratt Interchange, and south of Rittiman Rd. at the 410 South Cutoff. Between those interchanges, Loop 410 runs concurrent with I‑35.



Roadway details

LANES
Loop 410 lanes map
  • 6 lanes between I‑35 (Fratt Interchange) and Perrin-Beitel Rd.
  • 10 lanes between Perrin-Beitel Rd. and SH 151 with short 8 lane sections through the I‑10 and Bandera Rd. interchanges
  • 8 lanes between SH 151 and US 90
  • 6 lanes between US 90 and Valley Hi Dr.
  • 4 lanes between Valley Hi Dr. and I‑35 North (Loop 410 South Cutoff)
Loop 410 lanes map
   
ACCESS ROADS
Loop 410 access roads map
  • Continuous access roads along entire route except at:
    • Both sets of railroad tracks just west of I‑35 South
    • I‑35 South
    • I‑37 South
    • I‑10 East
    • FM 78
  • Eastbound access road ends at Interchange Pkwy. just before reaching I‑35 North — traffic can take a turnaround to the westbound access road or cross over to Perrin Creek Dr.
  • Eastbound access road through-traffic requires a left turn at Harry Wurzbach Rd.
  • Southbound access road between Dietrich Rd. and I‑10 East is two-way
  • Southbound access road turns to become the northbound I‑35 access road near FM 78 and Binz-Engleman Rd. — traffic can turn left at FM 78 to continue on southbound Loop 410 access road
  • Access road flyovers (intersection bypass) provided at San Pedro Ave. (both directions) and at Military Dr. West (southbound)
Loop 410 access roads map
   
EXITS

Click here for a list of Loop 410 exits.
 
 
SPEED LIMITS
Loop 410 speed limit map
  • 65 mph north of US 90
  • 70 mph south of US 90
  • 60 mph between I‑35 North and I‑10 East
Loop 410 speed limit map
   
SPECIAL FEATURES AND NOTES
Loop 410 special features map
  • Route number concurrencies (multiplexes):
    • 3 miles concurrent with North from Fratt Interchange to Loop 410 South Cutoff — this section is officially not designated as part of Interstate 410, but is signed as such for continuity purposes
    • 16 miles of concurrent along western arc from Bandera Rd. to Poteet-Jourdanton Fwy.
    • 20 miles of concurrent from I‑35 South to I‑10 East
    • 3 miles of concurrent from I‑37 to Roosevelt Ave.
  • TransGuide coverage along entire route:
    • Full coverage north of US 90
    • Auxiliary coverage south of US 90
  • Left exit from northbound Loop 410 to southbound I‑35/Binz-Engleman Rd.
  • Partial directional interchanges at:
    • Bandera Rd. — full connectivity is provided by access roads
    • SH 151 — full connectivity is provided by access roads
    • US 90 — full legacy cloverleaf interchange exists below the newer flyovers and provides full connectivity
  • VIA Metropolitan Transit Randolph Park & Ride locations:
    • Randolph: Fratt Interchange (I‑35/Randolph Blvd.)
    • Crossroads: I‑10 West
  • VIA Metropolitan Transit Center locations:
    • North Star: San Pedro Ave.
    • Ingram: Ingram Rd. (two blocks north of Loop 410)
Loop 410 special features map
   
TRAFFIC
Loop 410 traffic map

Very heavy along northern arc (SH 151 to I‑35 North.) The northern section has been San Antonio's busiest or second busiest freeway for over four decades, with counts now exceeding 300,000 vehicles per day near Nacogdoches Rd. The southern half carries generally light to moderate traffic.

Much of the chronic congestion along this stretch had been eased with the completion of several expansion and interchange projects in the first decade of this century. However, that expansion has now drawn significant increases in traffic and new recurring congestion.

Recurring morning congestion occurs eastbound between SH 151 and I‑10 West, and northbound between Rigsby Ave. and I‑35 North. Evening peak congestion occurs in both directions between I‑10 West and US 281 North, westbound from I‑10 West to Bandera Rd., eastbound from Harry Wurzbach Rd. to I‑35 North, southbound from I‑35 to I‑10 East, and southbound from US 90 West to Medina Base Rd.


Traffic volume legend
Loop 410 traffic map
   
AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC
LOCATION 2002 2012 2017 2019 2021 2022 '12-'22
% CHG
E of Perrin-Beitel Rd. 124,000 150,000 158,807 163,071 150,837 153,459 +2.31%
W of Perrin-Beitel Rd.         166,438 169,318 N/A
W of Nacogdoches Rd. 166,000 202,000 220,817 229,058     N/A
E of Nacogdoches Rd.         300,835 306,104 N/A
W of Wetmore Rd. 179,000 201,000 215,609 235,310     N/A
E of McCullough Ave. 182,000 265,000 278,805 291,725 281,365 286,372 +8.06%
E of Blanco Rd. 185,000 270,000 297,977 305,674 267,693 272,435 +0.90%
E of Honeysuckle Ln.         214,718 218,396 N/A
Cherry Ridge Dr. 195,000 249,000 265,276 276,016 280,458 283,908 +14.02%
W of Fredericksburg Rd.         290,292 295,345 N/A
W of Evers Rd. 170,000 191,000 259,433 228,632 236,098 243,855 +27.67%
S of Bandera Rd. 158,000 190,000 212,258 218,205 236,447 226,303 +19.11%
S of Culebra Rd.         217,522 221,338 N/A
N of Marbach Rd.         140,795 143,204 N/A
N of US 90W 113,000 117,000 126,899 127,248 113,034 114,920 -1.78%
S of US 90W 82,000 83,000 104,373 121,514 103,402 105,057 +26.57%
S of Medina Base Rd.         91,829 93,387 N/A
N of Pearsall Rd. 51,000 54,000 71,978 76,486 68,998 70,214 +30.03%
S of Pearsall Rd.         72,766 74,040 N/A
W of I‑35S 45,000 47,000 57,595 73,410     N/A
E of I‑35S         45,988 46,813 N/A
E of Somerset Rd. 29,000 34,000 46,480 49,450 46,956 47,757 +40.46%
E of Poteet-Jourdanton Fwy. 30,000 32,000 46,378 53,146 50,605 51,436 +60.74%
W of Roosevelt Ave. 38,000 42,000 54,753 59,670 58,048 59,079 +40.66%
E of Roosevelt Ave. 38,000 47,000 50,234 52,761 47,189 47,973 +2.07%
W of I‑37 33,000 54,000 61,340 60,705 55,731 56,706 +5.01%
E of I‑37 36,000 57,000 56,618 56,356 54,120 55,100 -3.33%
S of Southcross Blvd. 39,000 58,000 61,887 61,383 58,550 59,595 +2.75%
S of Rigsby Ave. 46,000 65,000 65,675 65,688 64,697 65,832 +1.28%
S of E. Houston St. 58,000 69,000 77,712 78,559 77,434 77,783 +12.73%
S of I‑10E 61,000 72,000 80,872 83,569 79,506 80,928 +12.40%
N of I‑10E 68,000 88,000 82,798 82,654 80,020 82,179 -6.61%
N of FM 78 70,000 82,000 70,331 71,815 65,960 67,079 -18.20%

(NOTE: In 2021, TxDOT changed the location of several traffic counting stations. New stations will show no history prior to 2021, and discontinued stations will show no history for 2021 and thereafter.)



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Media gallery

Click here for historical photos of this freeway.

Click here for video of this freeway.


Construction projects

Click here to view information for all projects in this corridor.


Future plans

TxDOT has intermediate-term plans to expand the section from US 90 to SH 16 South to eight lanes and replace the I‑35 South cloverleaf interchange with a multi-level flyover interchange. Those projects are currently projected to start in 2032.

A project to make several operational improvements in the Loop 410/US 281/San Pedro area will make substantial changes to exits, intersections, and access roads along Loop 410 between US 281 and West Ave. More details on that project is here.


History

A highway loop around San Antonio was first proposed in 1932 as part of the "Arneson Plan" to improve state highways in Bexar County. That plan lined-out today's Loop 410 between San Pedro and I‑35 North, but had the remainder of the loop closer to downtown than today's route. On the West Side, Arneson's planned route would have used the Acme Rd. and Benrus Blvd. corridors and run between Kelly and Lackland Air Force Bases. On the South Side, most of Arneson's route ran a mile or so south of today's Military Dr., and on the East Side, his route was a bit east of WW White Rd.

Planning for what was often referred to as the "Military Loop" on the North Side during WWII showed the section west of NW Military Hwy. running slightly northwestward to meet Fredericksburg Rd. near Wurzbach Rd.

The city's 1950 master plan, also known as the "Lilly Report", moved that routing a little further south to meet Callaghan Rd. at Fredericksburg Rd. and then follow the Callaghan Rd. corridor — which at that time was still outside the city — from there to US 90. By 1955, however, that route had been scrapped and replaced with the present-day route from NW Military Hwy. around to US 90, then continuing along today's routing around the South Side. This route was chosen to avoid traversing Lackland and Kelly Air Force bases and the increasingly urbanized section of the existing Loop 13 (Military Dr.) on the South Side, and this was the route included in the 1955 blueprint for the Interstate Highway System known as the "Yellow Book".

The first sections to be built in the 1950s were signed as Loop 13 and re-designated as Interstate 410 in 1960. The section on the North Side between I‑10 and I‑35 was not initially included in the Interstate program reportedly due to a dispute over design standards as that section of the loop had already been planned for some time. However, for route number continuity, that section was designated and signed as State Loop 410 until it was finally added to the Interstate Highway System in 1968 and subsequently designated as I‑410 by the Texas Transportation Commission on July 31, 1969 (Minute Order 62561.)

Loop 410 is named the Connally Loop for Texas Governor John B. Connally. Connally, who served as governor from 1963 to 1969, was from the San Antonio area and was instrumental in helping the city during the HemisFair World's Fair in 1968.

Loop 410 was the first Interstate loop in Texas to be completed.

Loop 410 history map
Loop 410 history map
Loop 410 at Nacogdoches looking north ca. 1961

Loop 410 at Nacogdoches Rd. looking north ca. 1961
The road running left to right is Loop 410. At this time, it was still a four-lane surface road.
(Photo courtesy of TxDOT)

Loop 410 at McCullough looking west in 1958

Loop 410 at McCullough Ave. looking west in 1958
Construction on North Star Mall was just getting started at the left.
(Photo courtesy of TxDOT)

Loop 410 over the WW White Road area looking northeast ca. 1964

Loop 410 over the WW White Rd. area looking northeast ca. 1964
The interchange near the center of the photo is Southcross Blvd. Work to complete the final section of Loop 410 had not yet started.
(Photo courtesy of TxDOT)

More historical photos of Loop 410 are available here.