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San
Antonio Area Freeway System
Interstate 410 (John B. Connally Loop) |
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This page last updated March 9, 2023 |
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This page covers
Interstate 410 (Loop 410) around the city except for the section
between the Fratt Interchange (Loop 410 North) and the Loop 410 South
Cutoff on the
Northeast Side. That section is concurrent with I-35 and because the
I-35 mile markers and exit
numbers are used along that stretch, information on that segment can be
found on the I-35 North
page. Technically, that section is not even officially part of
Loop 410 per TxDOT's highway designation files. However, it is signed
as both I-35 and I-410 for continuity purposes.
Length: 49 miles (53 miles
including the concurrent section on I-35)
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On
this page
Overview
Interstate
410, known
locally as Loop 410 or just "The Loop", is really a tale of two
freeways. The
southern half (south of US 90) generally demarks the edge of the city
and
resembles and
functions more like a semi-rural or urban fringe Interstate than an
urban
freeway. Meanwhile, the
northern arc is the busiest stretch of freeway in Texas
outside of
Houston-- making it one of the 25 or so busiest in the nation-- and is
home to
a substantial share of the region's suburban office space and several
major
shopping
centers. The Loop also provides access to San Antonio
International Airport,
the South Texas Medical Center, the Southwest Research Institute and
Texas Biomedical Research Institute, the
Westover
Hills area and Sea World of Texas, the National Security Agency campus,
Joint Base San Antonio Ft. Sam
Houston and Lackland, Traders Village, Brooks City-Base,
Stinson Municipal Airport, the
San
Antonio Missions Trail National Park, Palo Alto College, Texas
A&M
University - San Antonio, the Toyota and Navistar plants and adjacent
facilities,
and the cities of Castle Hills, Balcones Heights, Leon Valley, Kirby,
and
Windcrest.
Land along the northern arc is heavily developed. Office
towers, shopping
malls, hotels, and other commercial developments dominate the
landscape,
interspersed with dense mid 20th century residential areas. South of US
90,
development is much
more dispersed with large tracts of vacant land, although this area has
been
seeing new residential, commercial, and industrial growth in recent
years, most notably a growing logistics and industrial area at I-35
South.
In
2010, TxDOT completed
a major decade-long program to expand Loop 410 to ten lanes across the
North Side
of San Antonio.
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Loop 410 intersects with I-35 North at two
places: Loop 410 North intersects I-35 north of Walzem Rd. at the Fratt
Interchange, and Loop 410 East intersects I-35 south of Rittiman Rd. at
the 410 South Cutoff. Both highways run concurrent (multiplexed)
between these interchanges. |
Roadway details
LANES |
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- 6 lanes
from I-35 (Fratt Interchange) to Perrin-Beitel Rd.
- 10 lanes from
Perrin-Beitel Rd.
to
Evers Rd. with a short 8 lane section through the I-10 interchange
- 8 lanes from Evers Rd.
to Ingram
Rd.
- 6
lanes from Ingram Rd. to Valley Hi Dr.
- 4
lanes from Valley Hi Dr. to I-35 North (410 South
Cutoff)
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ACCESS ROADS |
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- Continuous access roads along entire route except
at:
- I-35
South
- Both
sets of railroad tracks just west of I-35 South
- I-37 South
- I-10 East
- FM 78
- Eastbound
access road through-traffic requires a
left turn at Harry Wurzbach Rd.
- Southbound
access road turns to become
the northbound I-35 access road near FM 78 and Binz-Engleman Rd., but
traffic can turn left at FM 78 to continue on southbound Loop 410
access road.
- Southbound
access road between Dietrich Rd. and I-10 East is two-way.
- Eastbound
access road ends at Interchange Pkwy. before reaching I-35
North.
Traffic can turn around to the westbound access road or cross over to
Perrin Creek Dr.
- Access road flyovers (intersection bypass) at San
Pedro Ave. (both directions) and at Military Dr. W
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EXITS |
Click here
for a list of I-410 exits.
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SPEED LIMITS |
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- 60 mph between I-35 North and
I-10 East
- 65
mph north of US 90
- 70 mph south of US 90
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SPECIAL FEATURES &
NOTES |
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- TransGuide coverage from I-35
North to SH 151
- VIA
Metropolitan Transit Park
&
Ride locations:
- Randolph:
Fratt Interchange
- Crossroads:
I-10 West
- VIA
Metropolitan Transit Center locations:
- North
Star: San Pedro Ave.
- Ingram:
Ingram Rd.
- Left exit from northbound I-410
to southbound I-35/Binz-Engleman Rd.
- Partial directional interchanges
at Bandera Rd., SH 151, and US 90. Full
connectivity at Bandera Rd. and at SH 151 is
provided by access road intersections. A full
legacy cloverleaf
interchange exists below the newer flyovers at Loop 410 which provides
connectivity for all directions.
- Route number concurrencies
(multiplexes):
- 3 miles of Loop 410 concurrent with I-35
North from
Fratt Interchange to 410 South Cutoff (officially not Interstate 410
per TxDOT's designation files, but signed as such)
- 16 miles of SH 16 concurrent along western arc from
Bandera Rd. to Poteet-Jourdanton Fwy.
- 3 miles of US 281 concurrent from I-37 to
Roosevelt Ave.
- 20 miles of SH 130 concurrent from I-35 South to
I-10 East
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TRAFFIC |


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Very
heavy along northern arc (SH 151 to I-35 North). The
northern
section has been San Antonio's busiest or second busiest freeway for
over three decades, with counts exceeding 300,000 vehicles
per day near Nacogdoches Rd. The southern half carries
generally light to moderate traffic.
Much of the chronic
congestion
along this stretch had
been eased with the completion of several expansion and interchange
projects in the first decade of this century. However, that expansion
has
now
drawn significant increases in traffic and new recurring congestion.
Recurring morning congestion occurs eastbound
between SH 151 and I-10 West, and northbound between Rigsby Ave. and
I-35 North.
Evening peak congestion occurs in both directions between I-10 West and
US 281 North, westbound from I-10 West to Bandera Rd., eastbound from
Harry Wurzbach Rd. to I-35 North, southbound from I-35 to I-10
East, and southbound from US 90 West to Medina Base Rd.
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AVERAGE
ANNUAL DAILY TRAFFIC |
LOCATION |
2001 |
2011 |
2016 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
'11-'21
% CHG |
E of Perrin-Beitel Rd. |
121,000 |
136,000 |
158,235 |
163,071 |
144,135 |
150,837 |
+10.91% |
W of Perrin-Beitel Rd. |
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166,438 |
N/A |
W of Nacogdoches Rd. |
167,000 |
194,000 |
238,745 |
229,058 |
197,593 |
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N/A |
E of Nacogdoches Rd. |
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300,835 |
N/A |
W of Wetmore Rd. |
179,000 |
172,000 |
231,140 |
235,310 |
203,634 |
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N/A |
E of McCullough Ave. |
180,000 |
147,000 |
287,888 |
291,725 |
253,708 |
281,365 |
+91.40% |
E of Blanco Rd. |
184,000 |
242,000 |
288,165 |
305,674 |
261,091 |
267,693 |
+10.62% |
E of Honeysuckle Ln. |
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214,718 |
N/A |
Cherry Ridge Dr. |
183,000 |
233,000 |
267,412 |
276,016 |
241,025 |
280,458 |
+20.37% |
W of Fredericksburg Rd. |
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290,292 |
N/A |
W of Evers Rd. |
174,000 |
191,000 |
262,198 |
228,632 |
199,289 |
236,098 |
+23.61% |
S of Bandera Rd. |
152,000 |
181,000 |
215,003 |
218,205 |
191,131 |
236,447 |
+30.63% |
S of Culebra Rd. |
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217,522 |
N/A |
N of Marbach Rd. |
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140,795 |
N/A |
N of US 90W |
110,000 |
110,000 |
130,713 |
127,248 |
111,028 |
113,034 |
+2.76% |
S of US 90W |
80,000 |
88,000 |
104,870 |
121,514 |
99,868 |
103,402 |
+17.50% |
N of Medina Base Rd. |
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91,829 |
N/A |
N of Pearsall Rd. |
53,000 |
55,000 |
69,592 |
76,486 |
67,234 |
68,998 |
+25.45% |
S of Pearsall Rd. |
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72,766 |
N/A |
W of I-35S |
41,000 |
46,000 |
61,898 |
73,410 |
64,760 |
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N/A |
E of I-35S |
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45,988 |
N/A |
E of Somerset Rd. |
29,000 |
32,000 |
42,955 |
49,450 |
44,035 |
46,956 |
+46.74% |
E of Poteet-Jourdanton Fwy. |
28,000 |
31,000 |
48,302 |
53,146 |
45,599 |
50,605 |
+63.24% |
W of Roosevelt Ave. |
32,000 |
39,000 |
52,846 |
59,670 |
52,105 |
58,048 |
+48.84% |
E of Roosevelt Ave. |
31,000 |
42,000 |
48,479 |
52,761 |
46,120 |
47,189 |
+12.35% |
W of I-37 |
35,000 |
51,000 |
58,676 |
60,705 |
53,800 |
55,731 |
+9.28% |
E of I-37 |
35,000 |
52,000 |
55,721 |
56,356 |
49,363 |
54,333 |
+4.49% |
S of Southcross Blvd. |
38,000 |
56,000 |
60,162 |
61,383 |
54,079 |
58,550 |
+4.55% |
S of Rigsby |
45,000 |
63,000 |
65,407 |
65,688 |
58,395 |
64,697 |
+2.69% |
S of E. Houston St. |
58,000 |
69,000 |
77,087 |
78,559 |
69,132 |
77,434 |
+12.22% |
S of I-10E |
63,000 |
68,000 |
81,768 |
83,569 |
71,809 |
79,506 |
+16.92% |
N of I-10E |
67,000 |
82,000 |
82,263 |
82,654 |
72,617 |
80,020 |
-2.41% |
N of FM 78 |
64,000 |
76,000 |
72,245 |
71,815 |
63,404 |
65,960 |
-13.21% |
(NOTE:
In 2021, TxDOT changed the location of several traffic counting
stations. New stations will show no history prior to 2021, and
discontinued stations will show no history for 2021.)
Media
gallery
Click
here
for video of this freeway.
Construction projects
- Ingram Rd. to US 90:
Widen freeway to ten and eight lanes and build Phase 2 of the
SH 151 interchange. Click here
for details
on this project.
Click
here to
view information for all projects in this
corridor.
Future plans
TxDOT
has intermediate-term
plans to expand the section from SH 151 to SH 16 South to
eight lanes and rebuild the I-35 South interchange. Those
projects are currently projected to start in 2032, with
a project
to revise entrance and exit ramps and improve intersections set to
start in 2021.
Work
to begin rebuilding the I-10 East/Loop 410 interchange is scheduled to
begin in 2021; click here for
more information on that project.
A
project to make several operational improvements in the Loop 410/US
281/San Pedro area will make substantial changes to exits,
intersections, and access roads along Loop 410 between US 281 and West
Ave.
More details on that project is here.
History
A
loop around San Antonio was first proposed in
1932 as
part of the
"Arneson Plan" to improve state highways in Bexar County. That plan
included today's Loop 410 between San Pedro and I-35 North, but had
the remainder of the loop closer to downtown than today's
route. On the West Side, Arneson's planned route would have
used
the Acme Rd. and Benrus Blvd. corridors and run between Kelly and
Lackland Air Force
Bases. On the South Side, most of Arneson's route ran a mile or so
south of today's Military Dr., and on the East Side, his route was a
bit east of WW White Rd.
Planning
for the
"Military Loop" on the North Side during WWII showed the section west
of NW Military Hwy. running slightly northwest to meet
Fredericksburg Rd. near Wurzbach Rd. The
city's 1950 master plan, also known as the "Lilly Report", moved this
routing a little further south to meet Callaghan Rd. at Fredericksburg
Rd. and then follow the Callaghan Rd. corridor-- which at that
time was still outside the city-- from there to US 90. By
1955,
however, that route had been scrapped and replaced with the present-day
route from NW Military Hwy. around to US 90 and then continuing along
today's routing around the South Side. This route was chosen to avoid
traversing Lackland and Kelly Air Force
bases and the increasingly urbanized section of the existing Loop 13
(Military Dr.) on the South Side, and this was the route included in
the 1955 blueprint for the Interstate Highway System known as the
"Yellow Book".
The
first sections to be built in the 1950s were signed as Loop 13 and
re-designated as Interstate
410 in 1960. The section on the
North Side between I-10 and I-35 was not initially included in the
Interstate program reportedly due to a dispute over design standards.
However, for
route number
continuity, that section was designated and signed as State
Loop 410 until it was finally added to the
Interstate Highway System in 1968 and subsequently designated
as I-410
by the Texas Transportation Commission on July
31, 1969 (Minute Order 62561.)
Loop
410 is named the Connally Loop for Texas Governor
John B.
Connally. Connally, who served as governor from 1963 to 1969,
was
from the San Antonio area and was instrumental in helping the city
during
the HemisFair World's Fair in 1968.
Loop
410 was the first Interstate
loop in Texas to be completed.
September 1956:
The section between
Culebra Rd. and Bandera Rd. opens
as a two-lane expressway (i.e. one lane each way.)
- October 1956:
The segment from Culebra Rd. south to Marbach Rd. opens as a two-lane
expressway and the section from Marbach Rd. to US 90 opens as access
roads.
- March 1957: Access
roads between Vance Jackson Rd. and Cherry Ridge Dr. open along with
the mainlanes from Cherry Ridge Dr. to Fredericksburg Rd.
- December 1957:
Access roads from Vance-Jackson Rd. to San Pedro Ave. open.
- ca. 1958:
The section between Blanco Rd. and McCullough upgraded to a freeway
including construction of a cloverleaf interchange at San Pedro Ave.
- April 1958: Access
roads between Bandera Rd. and Callaghan Rd. open as well as the
mainlanes from Callaghan Rd. to Fredericksburg Rd.
- July 1958: Access
roads from San Pedro Ave. to Wetmore Rd. open.
- 1960: Interstate 410
designated and signs along existing sections of Loop 13 on the
northwest side west of I-10 are changed with the section east of I-10
being renumbered as State Loop 410.
- September 1959:
Freeway (mainlains and access roads) from US 90 to Old Pearsall Rd.
completed.
- January 1960:
Freeway from Old Pearsall Rd. to I-35 opens including interchange at
I-35.
- April 1960:
Interchange at I-10 West completed.
- May 1960: Mainlanes
from Bandera Rd. to Callaghan Rd. completed.
- June 1960: Freeway
from Bandera Rd. to US 90 opens including interchange at US 90.
- March 1961:
Mainlanes from Cherry Ridge Dr. to NW Military Hwy. completed.
- February 1963:
Mainlanes from I-35 to Poteet-Jourdanton Fwy. opens.
- March 1963:
Mainlanes from Poteet-Jourdanton Fwy. to Roosevelt Ave. completed.
- September 1963:
Mainlanes from San Pedro Ave. to Nacogdoches Rd. opens.
- 1964:
Mainlanes from Nacogdoches Rd. to I-35 and freeway from
Rittiman
Rd. to Southcross Blvd. completed including interchange at I-10 East.
- 1965: Mainlanes from
Roosevelt Ave. to S Presa St. opens.
- January 19, 1966:
Freeway from S Presa St. to Southcross Blvd. opens with ribbon-cutting
ceremony for entire Loop 410 completion.
- 1969: Interchange at
I-37 completed.
- July 1969:
Interstate 410 designation extended to northern section of Loop 410.
- 1975: The
section from San Pedro Ave. to Harry Wurzbach
Rd. widened to six
lanes.
- 1976: The segment
from San Pedro Ave. to I-10 widened to six lanes.
- 1980-1983: Fratt
Interchange rebuilt
in a blockbuster project-- the largest
ever in the highway department's history at that time.
- 1981: The section
from Harry Wurzbach Rd. to Perrin Beitel Rd. widened to six lanes.
- 1982: The segment
from I-10 to Ingram Rd. widened to six lanes.
- 1987: The section
from Ingram Rd. to Valley Hi Dr. widened to six lanes.
- 1988: Access roads
from Somerset Rd. to Southton Rd. and from WW White Rd. to Southcross
Blvd. built.
- 1994: Overpasses at
Fredericksburg Rd. and at Cherry Ridge Dr. widened to accommodate
future expansion of I-10 interchange.
- 1996: Additional
westbound lane added from I-10 to Babcock Rd.
- 1998:
The segment from Jackson-Keller Rd. to Cherry Ridge Dr. widened to ten
lanes but
only eight lanes marked to limit bottlenecking. This was the first
project in a larger program to widen Loop 410 from Culebra Rd. to I-35
North.
- 1999: TransGuide
coverage added from Ingram Rd. to I-35 North.
- 2000-2009: I-10
interchange reconstructed including expanding Loop 410 to eight lanes
through interchange.
- 2001: The
section between McCullough Ave.
and
US 281 widened and prepared for the planned 281/410
interchange.
- 2003: The
segment from I-10 to Callaghan Rd. expanded to ten lanes.
- 2004: The
section from Jackson-Keller Rd. to Blanco Rd. widened to ten lanes
(eight lanes initially
marked).
- June
18th, 2007: First ramp in US 281 interchange opened to
traffic.
- 2008:
The segment from Blanco Rd. to McCullough Ave. widened to ten
lanes and the San Pedro interchange rebuilt. The previously-completed
sections between Blanco Rd. and I-10 restriped to ten lanes.
- June
2008: US 281 interchange completed including widening Loop
410 to ten
lanes from Jones-Maltsberger Rd. to Nacogdoches Rd.
- May 2009: Elevated
connectors to Bandera Rd. opened.
- Mid 2009: The
segment from Callaghan Rd. to Ingram Rd. widened to eight and ten lanes.
- Late 2009: The
section from Ingram Rd. to Culebra Rd. widened to six lanes.
- 2010:
The segment from Nacogdoches Rd. to Austin Hwy. widened to ten lanes.
This was the last section to be widened as part of the larger Loop 410
widening program that started in 1997.
- 2011:
The section of Loop 410 from I-35 South to I-10 East is included in a
project to extend the SH 130 designation from the SH 130 toll road near
Seguin to I-35 to provide route number continuity.
- 2018: The segment
from Ingram Rd. to SH 151 widened to eight lanes and the first phase of
the SH 151 interchange completed.
- 2019: Phase 1 of the
US 90 interchange completed.
- 2020: The segment from north of Marbach Rd. to US 90 was reconstructed and expanded to include auxiliary lanes in both directions.
- 2021: Phase 2 of the
SH 151 interchange completed.
- 2023: The segment from south of SH 151 to Ingram Rd. was expanded from eight to ten lanes.

Loop 410
at Nacogdoches looking north ca. 1961
The road running left to right is Loop 410. At this
time, it was still a four-lane surface road.
(Photo
courtesy of TxDOT)

Loop 410 at McCullough looking
west in
1958
Construction on North Star Mall was just getting started
at the left.
(Photo courtesy of TxDOT)

Loop 410 over the WW White Road
area looking northeast ca. 1964
The
interchange near the center of the photo is Southcross Blvd. Work to
complete the final section of Loop 410 had not yet started.
(Photo courtesy of TxDOT)
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